Noxia

Field note · What we found

Thirty days is already in the contract. You did not negotiate it.

Small suppliers to the public sector often negotiate hard on price and not at all on payment, because they assume the terms are fixed. On payment they are — and the fixed term is better than most of them ask for.

3 min read Sources checked 23 September 2026

The short answer

Section 68 of the Procurement Act 2023 implies into public contracts a term that payment is made within 30 days beginning with the day the invoice is received, or the day payment falls due under the invoice if later. It does not apply where the authority considers the invoice invalid or disputes it — but section 68(4) requires the authority to notify the payee without undue delay in either case. Concession contracts, private utilities contracts and school contracts are outside it.

On this page · 5 sections

The mechanism is narrow and precise, and the part suppliers under-use is the notification duty rather than the deadline.

What section 68 does with your invoiceUnder section 68 of the Procurement Act 2023, when a contracting authority receives an invoice it must pay within 30 days beginning with the day the invoice is received, or the day payment falls due under the invoice if that is later. The 30-day term does not apply if the authority considers the invoice invalid or disputes it, but in either of those cases section 68(4) requires the authority to notify the supplier without undue delay.WHAT SECTION 68 DOES WITH YOUR INVOICEYour invoice reaches the authorityValid, and not disputed?Yes30 days from receipt, or from the due date if later.Invalid or disputedThe 30-day term does not apply to it.Either ways.68(4): they must tell you, without undue delay.Not concession contracts, private utilities contracts, or contracts awarded by schools.What section 68 does with your invoiceUnder section 68 of the Procurement Act 2023, when a contracting authority receives an invoice it must pay within 30 days beginning with the day the invoice is received, or the day payment falls due under the invoice if that is later. The 30-day term does not apply if the authority considers the invoice invalid or disputes it, but in either of those cases section 68(4) requires the authority to notify the supplier without undue delay.WHAT SECTION 68 DOES WITH YOURINVOICEYour invoice reaches the authorityValid, and not disputed?Yes30 days from receipt, or from the due date iflater.Invalid or disputedThe 30-day term does not apply to it.Either ways.68(4): they must tell you, without unduedelay.Not concession contracts, private utilitiescontracts, or contracts awarded by schools.
The deadline is the famous part. The duty to tell you is the useful part.Procurement Act 2023, section 68 — terms implied into public contracts.

Why the notification duty is the one to use

The common failure is not an authority refusing to pay. It is an invoice sitting somewhere unpaid while the supplier assumes it is in a queue, and only finds out at day 50 that a purchase order number was missing on day two.

Section 68(4) puts that the other way round. If they consider it invalid, or dispute it, they must tell you, without undue delay. So silence past a reasonable interval is itself information: either the invoice is fine and the clock is running, or somebody has not done what the Act requires.

Silence is not neutral. Under section 68 an unexplained delay means either the clock is running or a duty has been missed, and both are worth a phone call.

Which makes the practical move a small one: a standing check that flags any public-sector invoice at, say, day 12 with no payment and no notification. That is a scheduled query against data you already have, not a project.

The part that points back at you

The same regime that protects you as a supplier tests you as a payer. Suppliers bidding for public work are expected to demonstrate their own payment performance — an average of 45 days and 95% of invoices paid within 60 days are the figures in circulation as the qualifying standard.

The payment test a bidder has to passSuppliers bidding for public sector work are expected to demonstrate that they pay at least 95 per cent of their own invoices within 60 days, alongside an average payment time of 45 days. The figure shown is the 95 per cent threshold.95%paid within 60 daysTHE PAYMENT TEST A BIDDER HAS TO PASS95% of invoices within 60 daysand an average of 45 daysmeasured on your own payablesThe payment test a bidder has to passSuppliers bidding for public sector work are expected to demonstrate that they pay at least 95 per cent of their own invoices within 60 days, alongside an average payment time of 45 days. The figure shown is the 95 per cent threshold.THE PAYMENT TEST A BIDDER HAS TO PASS95%paid within 60 days95% of invoices within 60 daysand an average of 45 daysmeasured on your own payables
95% is a hard number to hit by accident, and it is measured on what you pay out.Reported qualifying standard for public sector bidders; see the sources for its status.

That is the reciprocal nobody expects. A firm that wins public work on price while paying its own subcontractors at 75 days has a problem that shows up at the next bid, not at the next audit.

What this does not tell you

It is the implied term, not the whole payment regime. It does not cover the notified sums and pay-less notices of the construction payment legislation, which operate separately and to their own timetable on construction contracts.

Section 68(3) removes the deadline for invoices the authority considers invalid or disputes, and what counts as either is a question about your invoice and their process rather than one this note can answer. A disputed invoice is not an unpaid one by definition, and the remedy for a bad-faith dispute is contractual, not in section 68.

We are not lawyers. The statutory wording is linked below, it is short, and reading section 68 itself takes about two minutes — which is a better use of them than reading us. The chasing note is the same problem without the statute, and the chasing pipeline is what a day-12 check actually looks like.

Questions people actually ask

How long does a public authority have to pay an invoice?

Thirty days. Section 68(2) of the Procurement Act 2023 implies into public contracts a term that payment is made before the end of the period of 30 days beginning with the day the invoice is received, or if later, the day payment falls due in accordance with the invoice.

What happens if an authority disputes the invoice?

The 30-day implied term does not apply to an invoice the authority considers invalid or disputes. But section 68(4) requires the authority to notify the supplier without undue delay in either case, so an unexplained silence means either the clock is running or that duty has not been met.

Which contracts are outside section 68?

Concession contracts, utilities contracts awarded by private utilities, and contracts awarded by schools are excluded by section 68(1). The implied term applies to public contracts other than those.

Do suppliers have to prove their own payment performance to bid?

Payment performance is part of the qualification picture for public sector bidders, with an average of 45 days and 95% of invoices paid within 60 days reported as the standard. A firm that wins public work while paying its own subcontractors slowly meets that as an obstacle at the next bid.

Sources

  1. Procurement Act 2023, section 68 (terms implied into public contracts), legislation.gov.uk, read 23 September 2026. s.68(2): payment “before the end of the period of 30 days beginning with — (a) the day on which an invoice is received by the contracting authority in respect of the sum, or (b) if later, the day on which the payment falls due in accordance with the invoice.” s.68(3): the term “does not apply if the contracting authority — (a) considers the invoice invalid, or (b) disputes the invoice.” s.68(4): the authority “must notify the payee without undue delay” in either case. s.68(1) excludes concession contracts, utilities contracts awarded by private utilities, and contracts awarded by schools. legislation.gov.uk ↗ — primary; the statute itself
  2. Charles Russell Speechlys, “Payment Practices — the latest developments on reporting and late payments”, read 23 September 2026: notes the Procurement Act 2023 requirement for public sector suppliers to achieve a 45-day average payment time and 95% of payments within 60 days, and a proposed 60-day maximum payment cap. charlesrussellspeechlys.com ↗ — secondary; a law firm’s summary. We have reported the 45-day and 95% figures as the reported standard rather than as statute, because we have not verified them against the underlying procurement policy note re-checked every 6 months
  3. This covers the implied term only. The notified sums and pay-less notice regime that applies to construction contracts operates separately and is not addressed here. We are not lawyers. — a stated limit on the coverage above

Checked 23 September 2026. Next scheduled check 22 March 2027. Numbers that move — leaderboards, live indices — are re-checked every 30 days; annual datasets and rules in force every six months; dated research once a year. If something here has gone stale before we got to it, tell us and we will correct it and say what changed.

Cite this note

Noxia, “Thirty days is already in the contract. You did not negotiate it”, Field notes, 23 September 2026; sources checked 23 September 2026. https://www.noxia.co.uk/field-notes/thirty-days-is-already-in-the-contract

A day-12 check is a scheduled query, not a project.

Any public-sector invoice at day 12 with no payment and no notification is a phone call worth making, and finding them is a job for a pipeline rather than a person with a spreadsheet. We build the check, the list and the message — against the data you already hold.

Talk to us about this
What we found: Thirty days is already in the contract. You did not negotiate it.